(Edited, 02-28-08)
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Empowerment Through Human Development and Information Technology

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Document-File Types (or File Extensions)

MIME Protocol: Web and E-mail Servers, and Web clients (browsers) and e-mail clients, depend on MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension) [file] types. This protocol allow for the exchange and opening of files from within the Internet (e.g., electronic messages and attached .doc, .jpg, .wav files), view .htm, .shtml, .asp, .cfm, files, and listen to an view a multitude of multimedia files via Web browsers and specialized clients (e.g., Windows Media Player, RealPlayer, etc.). 

.asp--Active Server Pages (Microsoft servers--commonly, Internet Information Service [IIS])--used to create dynamic, interactive Web sites and databases.

.asx--Advanced Streaming Format (via the Web).

.au--Sound (in Sun Audio File format).

.avi--Audio Video Interleaved, Video for Windows.

.bmp--files that are large, and native to the Windows OS. (May be opened by the Paint program within Windows.)

.cfm--ColdFusion, which is a combination of ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML) and a ColdFusion Application Server (Allaire Corp.).

.com--Typically, these are small utility programs for [DOS] Windows. They share some similarity with .EXE files on the PC platform.

.doc--The default file extension for Microsoft Word. Most files with this extension will be Microsoft Word files, but there are many that are plain text. (See also: .wrd)

.eps--Encapsulated Postscript File are vector graphics. Most drawing programs such as Macromedia Freehand and Adobe Illustrator use this format.

.exe--Executable files or applications on the PC platform. It also is used for self-extracting archives, which are programs that when run, they expand into several smaller programs.

.gif--Graphics Interchange Format is a type of graphic image very common within online services and the Internet.

.hqx--These are Macintosh files that have been converted from ASCII to binary (or vice versa) with the BinHex encoding process.

.htm (.html)--Often, files written in HyperText Markup Language (or HTML) will have one of these extensions. Some Web site design software will automatically add one of these extension to all files.

.jpg (.jpeg)--Joint Photographers Experts Group is a graphics format designed to take up as little space as possible while retaining as much quality as possible. JPG files are smaller than GIF files, but they take longer to display on Web pages.

.midi (.mid)--Musical Instrument Digital Interface.

.mov--QuickTime movies used on Windows and Macintosh computers. machines.

Download or update the (free or commercial) Quicktime Player from Apple Computer, Inc.

.mpeg (or .mpg)--Moving Pictures Expert Group format.

.pcx --A graphic file format developed by ZSoft for its PC Paintbrush program. This bit map format is supported by most optical scanners, fax programs, and desktop publishing systems.

.png--(Portable Network Graphics--pronounced "ping"); a bit-mapped graphic format that may become more common within Web sites (supported by recent versions of Netscape and Internet Explorer).

.pdf--Adobe's Portable Document Format (pdf) is a translation format used primarily for distributing files across a network, or on a Web site. Files with a .pdf extension have been created in another application and then translated into pdf files so they can be viewed on either the PC or Mac platform.

.ppt--The file extension for Microsoft PowerPoint slides. Some PowerPoint slides may be in HTML format, therefore, they may have an .html or .htm extension.

.qtx--QuickTime Extension.

.sea--Self Extracting Archives are Macintosh files that automatically decompress when double-clicked. They cannot be used by PC owners.

.sit--Stuffit files are Macintosh compressed files that can be extracted by the Macintosh software or PC users with programs such as unsit and unstuff. Many of the files with this extension will not run on PCs, even after extraction.

.sys--System files that are drivers used by (DOS) Windows. Be sure to carefully read the file description and any accompanying documents.

.tif (or .tiff)--Tagged Image File Format files are bitmapped graphic images-a popular format used in desktop publishing.

.txt--Plain text (ASCII or ISO Latin 1 format); commonly created in Notepad (PCs) and Simple Text (Macs).

.wav--sound files the may be played through Media Player, which is included within the Windows OS.

.wpd--WordPerfect file, these files can be read by WordPerfect and many other popular word processing programs (including recent versions of Microsoft Word).

.wrd--The file extension for Microsoft Word (or compatible software). (See also: .doc)

.xls--Excel spreadsheet files that can be read by Microsoft Excel and some other spreadsheet programs.

.zip--PKware zip archives-the most common format for compressed files.

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Raymond Perry Jr, PhD, LPC, Site Manager

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